Human Papillomavirus Known As Hpv - 1146 Words

Causative Organism(s): Human papillomavirus known as HPV is a Papovavirus that is transmitted sexually. It is in fact one of the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States, it comes in hundred different forms and affects the body in different ways. Some forms of it can cause warts while others may cause cervical changes that may lead to cancer (4). HPV can infect both man and woman but only causes cancer in females. Although HPV seems to have a more severe effect on women than men it still places both in danger. Men can unknowingly be carriers of the virus that can affect the woman severely, therefore both men and women have to take responsibility to decrease the spread of HPV (5). HPV is a small unenveloped virus with†¦show more content†¦The E6 and E7 proteins play and important rule in oncogenic property of human papillomavirus that can cause anogenital cancers as their high risk factor and warts as their low risk factor. E6 AND E7 proteins promote cell growth by inactivating the tumor suppressor proteins P53 and PRb (5). Pathogenesis: Most people who are infected with genital HPV do not develop signs and symptoms from it. HPV is asymptomatic and in most cases the body s immune system resolve the HPV spontaneously within two years (4). There are several tests that can be done to diagnose the HPV infection, Pap test a sample of cervical cells or vaginal cells are collected and sent to the lab. This test can tell you whether the cell structures have changed and if an abnormal looking cell is present it usually means there is a high risk of developing cancer. The DNA test detects whether high risk HPV are present. The vinegar solution test, a vinegar solution is applied to the genital area, if HPV infection is present the areas will turn white. Unfortunately there are no tests available for men (7). HPV is categorized as Low risk and High risk. The Low risk strands have very few or no symptoms. The most common symptoms are genital warts. Genital warts usually pink or flesh cauliflower type tumor on th e genital area. The high risk strands have also few are no visible symptoms due to

A Different History †Essay Free Essays

Commentary – A Different History (by Sujata Bhatt) ‘A different history’ by Sujata Bhatt is a poem written about the social and political concern of the lost of cultural identical renouciation of Indian identity. The poet has used sentence pattern, motifs, symbolisms and imagery predominantly in this poem to emphasize the problem of younger generations losing their roots and identities. The poem begins with the use of the motif â€Å"Great Pan† who is the god of the wild, shepherds and flocks, nature of mountain wilds, hunting and rustic music, and companion of the nymphs. We will write a custom essay sample on A Different History – Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Great Pan† in the poem is a symbolism of the native culture and identity in the European countries. This motif plays a huge role in the poem as the first three lines in the first stanza shows us the richness of Indian culture and the need for all Indians to appreciate their culture. The great pan leaving Europe to India portrays the intensity loss in Europe but more important highlights the attraction of the land, rich, harmony between environment and human society coexisting that India can offer. The human nature and human wisdom is what attracts even the god of culture to leave Europe and â€Å"emigrated to India†. The poet highlights through this use of personification that every Indian should be proud of the great culture root that Indian can provide. The sentence patterns along with other techniques used by the poet are significant in terms of the allowing the readers to understand the theme and the concerns of the poet. The run on lines in the first stanza implies that Indian culture will never fade or end and that it will be eternal, passing on through generations and generations. It is also effective in the sense that the run on lines emphasizes the effectives of the repetitions used in the poem. The repetition of â€Å" It is a sin† ultimately shows the readers that it is a sin to discard the Indian culture and it is a sin to forget where one is from and what one should value culture-wise. The constant use of cultural icons such as â€Å"snakes†, â€Å"monkey† and â€Å"trees† further stresses the rich native culture in India and how important it is that conserve this culture. An imperative is also used in the poem â€Å" You must learn†¦wood the paper was made† gives off a cautious tone, warning the readers what would happen if the culture is not respected and treasured. The first stanza of the poem, although linked closely with each other have very contrasting moods. In the first stanza, the poet idolizes the uniqueness of Indian culture and how important it is to sustain this culture. The mood that the readers get is hopeful and respectful. However, in the second stanza, the reader uses many techniques, principally rhetorical questions to express her thoughts of the English colonization and the English language influences. The tone in the second stanza is bitterness and sad with a sense of fear. The rhetorical questions â€Å"Which language has not been the oppressor’s tongue? † and â€Å" Which language truly meant to murder someone? † contradictory with each other. The first question implies that the English imposes foreign language on native Indians when they first conquered India. She explores the enigma whereby the language of the conqueror is cherished by later generations. â€Å"The unborn grandchildren grow to love that strange language†. The second question is a metaphor the poet had used to point out the neutrality of language. Language is not meant to murder anyone and is major component of history. She is merely confused why Indian people of today’s generation would love a language that came from people, which has caused death and agony for hundreds of years in India. It is ironic to see how young people today forget about their heritage to love the English language. The two stanzas link with each other to show the confusion of the poet not understanding how people could neglect their own rich culture (described in stanza one) to loving a language that has caused them so much pain in the past (stanza two) The pre-dominant imagery used in the second stanza is imagery of the English colonization. The use of the metaphor â€Å"after the torture, with†¦ of the conqueror’s face† contains many destructive diction that provokes a negative feeling for the readers but more importantly to build up to the irony. The fact that after all the people in India have gone through in the colonization by England, generations today would still love and speak English. The sense of pain and sorrow of the poet is undeniable. After the colonization of India, English was brought in as an official language and was referred to as the â€Å"strange language† that younger generations love. The loss of identity in younger generations is clear in the second stanza and younger people do not know the history of India and don’t seem to understand and appreciate the importance of this wonderful culture. The poem ‘ A different culture’ by Sujata Bhatt emphasizes the loss of identity for younger generations in India. The poet used a number of techniques effectively to show the sense of irony and bitterness towards this significant social issue in today’s society. How to cite A Different History – Essay, Essay examples

Reflection Using Gibbs Cycle for Clinical Simulation in Nursing

Question: Discuss about theReflection Using Gibbs Cycle for Clinical Simulation in Nursing. Answer: Gibbs reflection cycle is a famous reflection framework which was established by Gibb in the year 1988 (Huseb, O'Reg Nestel, 2015). It helps an individual to think systematically and reflect about the different phases of the experience or the task that she had undertaken and thereby help herself to develop the correct ways by which such situations should be handled in the future (Tesh Kautz, 2017). During my placement in the old aged care, I had faced an adverse situation, which I need to reflect so that I never have to go through such situation in the future. Description: While I was working in the old aged care, I had faced a critical situation. A patient 78 years old was admitted to the care after his issue of dementia surfaced. Due to absence of proper carer at home, his family had admitted him to the aged care for proper nursing interventions and maintaining his daily activities of life properly. As he was in his initial stage of dementia, he was not totally forgetful although he had some frequent bouts of forgetfulness sometimes in the day. The main concern was that he had very poor mobility due to his arthritic status which had exposed him to high risk of fall. However he often used to forget about his loss of mobility and tended to walk down on the floor form his bed. Although I tried to make him understand about his condition, he often used to forget about it and tried to walk once I nearly saved him from falling. After many such incidences, I kept him physically restrained to his bed. To this, he complained to his family members and also to t he senior nurse that his autonomy and dignity was not maintained by me. Feelings: After conducting the fall risk assessment test, I realized that he had a high level of risk for fall and hence my primary concern was to reduce his chances of fall. The moment I was away from his sight, he was trying to come down from bed. I was feeling that as a nurse, my primary aim should be maintaining a safe practice for the patient as per the nursing principles of codes of conduct and codes of ethics. I felt that I should follow the principle of beneficence which paid importance to providing safe care to patient above anything else. Seeing no other alternative as per the situation, I felt that physical restraint would be the safest option to prevent him from fall and thereby applied it. Evaluation: The bad aspect of the experience was that I was considered unethical not only by the patient but also by his family members and they also filed a legal case against me. This affected my career and also my self confidence and self image. I felt bad as my purpose for the act was not assessed but I was held guilty for my conduct. The good aspect was that in my internship phase only, I faced a very critical situation which helped me to develop an idea of the challenges that I will be facing in my professional life. I already was a facing a situation of ethical dilemma which many nurses complain of during their professional years therefore the good thing was that I got a taste of such situation and therefore from the next time, I would be highly careful and provide correct logical reasoning and proper evidence based care practice for such critical patients. I also noticed that as I had kept him restrained to bed, his self respect was hurt. He became depressed and no longer communicated wi th me as he felt that tried to bind him because he was unable to take care of himself. This feeling made his lose his self confidence. He became depressive as he developed the thinking that he was no longer independent. Moreover, he tried to break free from the restraints a number of times which left him with bruises. I harmed the patients dignity and autonomy thereby breaching the standard 4 (which states the importance of maintaining the dignity, culture and other values during practices ("Standard of practice, Nursing and midwifery board of Australia", 2017). Analysis: From the entire situation, I understood that I am not enough skilled to handle such situations effectively. I got tensed and nervous during this situation which is not the correct attributes which should be exhibited by a confident healthcare professional. Moreover, I also sensed that I need to work more on my critical reasoning skill and my decision making power so that I can take the correct decisions. I was very unhappy with the entire situation and felt guilty at the same time for not being able to provide the best care to the patient. Although my mentor did not say me anything but I sensed that he expected better performance and reasoning skills from me. I analyzed that I should have developed proper situational awareness for prompt decision making. I should have called the nurse-in-charge and consulted with her before applying restraints. I could have made him understand the importance of restraints in soft tone so that he could understand the importance of the intervention. I should have quickly looked over the other options available at that time, putting restraints as the last resort of interventions. I also understood that I have to go through various journal based evidences so that I can handle such situations more effectively I also failed to maintain standard 6 as I could not offer the safest practice to him as he was mentally and physically harmed by restraints ("Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Registered nurse standards for practice", 2017). Conclusion: After fixing up a meeting with my mentor, I came to know a number of things which helped to enhance my knowledge as a health professional. She instructed me that in such a sensitive situation, she should have first contacted his family members making them aware of the situations. Moreover, I would have also contacted the senior nurse on duty for advice. She told me that physical restraint is not the correct option for such patients as it may harm them physically. Moreover they may also suffer from depression which might also affect his mental condition which would add to his neurological disorders. Therefore, she suggested me to go through more evidence based papers to develop my decision making skills and also attend training classes to identify the critical reasoning skills. Overcoming ethical dilemma by proper logical reasoning would be my main motive. Action plan: When such a situation arises, I would never take physical restraint as the first initiative. I would first summon the nurse manager or the senior nurse and take her advice. I would also immediately call the family members and make them know the situation. I would never leave the patient without keeping anyone in attendance for him as he may hurt himself. Moreover, I would also modify the rooms with proper bedrails, non-skid footwear, keeping bed closer to washrooms, providing with walkers and others. I would rightly maintain the autonomy and dignity of patients as the principles of nursing advice us so that I can save myself from getting in any legal and ethical issues. Gibbs reflection is one of the most effective frameworks that helps in properly describing the events and learn from the faults or the errors that took place in the previous experience. I realized that I had harmed the autonomy and dignity of the patient by applying physical restraints. I was criticized by the patients family members and also by my mentor. I realized my mistake and therefore from the nest time I will properly utilize my critical reason skill and proper decision making ability to overcome such situations and provide safe and ethical care to patients. References: Huseb, S. E., O'Regan, S., Nestel, D. (2015). Reflective practice and its role in simulation.Clinical Simulation in Nursing,11(8), 368-375. Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Registered nurse standards for practice. (2017).Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. Retrieved 24 October 2017, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Professional-standards/registered-nurse-standards-for-practice.aspx Standard of practice, Nursing and midwifery board of Australia. (2017). Retrieved 19 October 2017, from https://file:///C:/Users/user00/Downloads/1798150_1830561517_Nursing-and-Midwifery-Board---.PDF Tesh, A. S., Kautz, D. D. (2017). Using Reflective Practice in a Leadership Course.Nurse educator,42(3), 117-119.

The Impact of Technology on Teenagers free essay sample

The Impact of Technology on Teenagers As technology advances, so do teenagers, and the rest of the people from all around the world. Technology has made a huge impact on today? s society and teens have shown to be the most interested on the topic. We live surrounded by technology, we can find it everywhere and in all shapes and sizes, these amazing gadgets seem to be changing constantly. Technology takes place in our daily life and also infers in the way we talk, the way we dress, what we listen and watch.It ahs a lot of positive impacts on today? s youth, because in some way it brings people together, it increases social activity with social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, Tumblr, Skype and many others that connect us to the rest of the world. The internet offers young people a lot of great opportunities and access to an amazing amount of information, which is very useful because it helps, both, teachers and students to get a better education and information, also the process of sharing is faster and easier. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Technology on Teenagers or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Internet helps people to fasten openness, work on their self-confidence, and greater sense of ease, and comfort while dealing with others. On a teenager’s life music is a massive and really important factor, and the way you can carry your music wherever you go to, is simply amazing. Music is very influential, it can get people in a better mood and it’s a really clear thing that it’s also motivational, on the other hand you can notice that the some lyrics are very relatable to the modern teenager, and so tis creates a bond between you and society.Technology isn’t always that good. Teens spend almost the whole time on the Internet and this has created an overuse. Some people say Internet makes close people be apart, and the distant people get closer; I agree with this somehow, I think Internet is one of the greatest inventions that has hit our society, but it also breaks the whole experience of human intercourse.

Banking Industry Structure essay

Banking Industry Structure essay Banking Industry Structure essay Banking Industry Structure essayTwo regulations that had a particularly strong impact on the banking industry in the United States were the Glass-Steagall Act (GSA) passed in 1933 that prohibited banking organizations to get involved into both investment banking and commercial banking industry, and the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) passed in 1999 that repealed the prohibition of GSA to combine investment and commercial banking. The critics of the GLBA state that it was the cause of the banking industry crisis and financial recession in 2007-2009, and that repealing the GSA was a mistake. However, analysis shows that the key factors that caused the crisis were unaffected by the GLBA and that the passage of the GLBA in fact reduced the impact of crisis on the banking industry due to greater diversification of banking services and portfolios. So, repealing the Glass-Steagall act was not a mistake, but rather a correct and timely measure that made the banking industry more competitive an d helped alleviate the impact of the crisis to a small extent.In order to evaluate the consequences of repealing the Glass-Steagall Act in 1999, it is necessary to consider the prerequisites of this legislation and the economic context that led to the creation of this Act. The considered time period is between 1927 and 1933 (Heakall, 2003). Initially, the Glass-Steagall Act was created to prevent banks from committing fraud and misusing public trust. The major events that shaped the economic context for the GSA were the economic boom in the 1920s followed by the Great Depression that started in 1929 (Heakall, 2003). One of key causes of the Great Depression was commercial speculation performed by banks – banks took huge risks to get rewards and used shady schemes to encourage their clients to invest into risky assets (Cftech.com, 1998).In 1933, commercial speculation was considered the major cause of the crisis. However, in several decades economists came to the conclusion th at the key factor of the recession was economic depression itself, while security speculation was only a minor catalyst of the financial decline (Cftech.com, 1998). Another supposed key cause of the Great Depression was the lack of nationwide banking system – banking operations in the 1920s were performed by unit banks within states (Cftech.com, 1998). Moreover, Senator Glass who was the main ideologist of the GSA 2 years later came to the conclusion that the GSA was an overregulation and attempted to have it repealed (Cftech.com, 1998). So, GSA regulations were excess and too strict from the very beginning. However, in 1956 Congress extended the GSA and created one more barrier between insurance and banking (Heakall, 2003). So, the banking industry was strongly regulated until 1999.It is also important to analyze the economic context in 1999 when the GLBA was enacted and the barriers created by the GSA were repealed. First of all, banking segment became more globalized as w ell as investment capital, so the barriers between national and foreign investments were blurred (Tatom, 2011). Furthermore, banking institutions used many ways of diversifying its trading portfolios outside the GSA regulations – for example, investment banks were allowed to trade and hold such risky assets as derivatives, debt obligations, mortgage-backed securities, etc. (Calabria, 2009).Large banking organizations emerged and gained power despite the presence of GSA regulations because of consolidation and integration processes going in the banking industry (Wallace, 2014). Therefore, the context in which the banking industry operated changed, and the GSA provisions made American banking system less diversified and less flexible compared to international players. Furthermore, the GLBA repealed only one section of the GSA – the prohibition to combine investment and commercial banking, so its impact on the whole development of the banking industry was not so â€Å"de regulatory† as the supporters of Occupy Wall Street movement claimed (Tatom, 2011).Finally, it is necessary to consider key causes of the financial recession that took place in 2007-2009 and the interrelationship of the GLBA with these factors. According to Brook Watkins (2012), the institutions that resorted to risky borrowing and investment practices were Bear Sterns, Lehman Brothers, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, AIG and Merrill Lynch; however, none of these organizations was influenced by the GSA repeal. Furthermore, those commercial banks the activities of which were expanded by the GLBA went into trouble due to investing into mortgage-backed securities and residential mortgages (Wallace, 2014). However, the GSA did not prohibit commercial banks to use the above-mentioned securities, so the repeal of the GSA did not contribute to the failure of commercial banking either. In addition, the number of financing holding companies that actually used the GLBA benefits and combine d commercial and investment banking was quite low in the pre-crisis years (Calabria, 2009).The research conducted by Collins, Kwag and Yildirim (2003) shows that the actual impact of the GSA repeal on the banking industry was the following. Banking organizations received more opportunities to diversify their portfolios, which allowed them to shift and diversify risks (Collins, Kwag Yildirim, 2003). As a result, banking industry became less risky both for stockhodlers and for regulators (Collins, Kwag Yildirim, 2003). At the same time, no significant wealth redistribution was noted, which means that the attractiveness of the considered financial sector did not increase compared to other sectors of financial industry. Collins, Kwag and Yildirim (2003) suggest that this fact can be explained by the long-term evolution of competition in the financial industry. In other words, the GLBA did not lead to excess wealth creation or commercial speculation, but instead it allowed to reduce sy stemic risks and therefore benefit both the customers and the organizations in the banking sphere.These conclusions are in line with the findings of Calabria (2009) who states that few financial holding organizations took advantage of the GLBA and combined investment and commercial banking. According to Calabria (2009), the repeal of the GSA might even have mitigated the consequences of the crisis for the banking system. In any case, repealing the GSA division between commercial and investment banking in 1999 was a timely and appropriate measure that corresponded to the demands of the economic environment.Despite the fact that there are numerous advantages of GLBA, it is important to note that there still might emerge conflicts of interest in banking involving commercial and investment banking, and it might be necessary to have proper regulation in place in order to identify such cases and to prevent speculation and fraud. However, the need for regulating potential conflicts of inte rest does not mean that banks should be prohibited to engage in commercial and investment banking as it was in the GSA times. Rather, it is necessary to pass more specified and more flexible regulations that would target conflicts of interest without affecting the ability of the banking sector to diversify portfolios.

The Tenor of a Metaphor, a Rhetorical Term

The Tenor of a Metaphor, a Rhetorical Term In a metaphor, the tenor is the principal subject illuminated by the vehicle (that is, the actual  figurative expression). The interaction of tenor and vehicle evokes the meaning of the metaphor. Another word for tenor is topic. For example, if you call a lively or outspoken person a firecracker (The guy was a real firecracker, determined to live life on his own terms), the aggressive person is the tenor and firecracker is the vehicle. The terms vehicle  and  tenor  were introduced by British  rhetorician  Ivor Armstrong Richards in  The Philosophy of Rhetoric  (1936). [V]ehicle and tenor in cooperation, said Richards, give a meaning of more varied powers than can be ascribed to either. Examples The main elements of metaphorical equations such as Life is a walking shadow are often referred to as tenor (thing we are talking about) and vehicle (that to which we are comparing it).   Ground . . . denotes the link between tenor and vehicle (i.e., common properties; Ullmann 1962: 213). Thus, in the metaphor  Ã‚  Life is a walking shadow, life represents the tenor, walking shadow the vehicle, and transience the ground.Alternative terminologies abound. Popular alternatives for tenor and vehicle are target domain and source domain, respectively.(Verena Haser,  Metaphor, Metonymy, and Experientialist Philosophy: Challenging Cognitive  Semantics. Walter de Gruyter, 2005)Tenor and Vehicle in William Staffords RecoilIn William Staffords poem Recoil, the first stanza is the vehicle and the second stanza is the tenor:The bow bent remembers home long,the years of its tree, the whineof wind all night conditioningit, and its answer Twang!To the people here who would fret me downtheir way and make me bend:By remembering hard I could startle for homeand be myself again. Tenor and Vehicle in Cowleys The WishIn the first stanza of Abraham Cowleys poem â€Å"The Wish,† the tenor is the city and the vehicle is a beehive:Well then! I now do plainly seeThis busy world and I shall neer agree.The very honey of all earthly joyDoes of all meats the soonest cloy;And they, methinks, deserve my pityWho for it can endure the stings,The crowd and buzz and murmurings,Of this great hive, the city. I.A. Richards on Tenor and Vehicle We need the word metaphor for the whole double unit, and to use it sometimes for one of the two components in separation from the other is as injudicious as that other trick by which we use the meaning here sometimes for the work that the whole double unit does and sometimes for the other componentthe tenor, as I am calling itthe underlying idea or principal subject which the vehicle or figure means. It is not surprising that the detailed analysis of metaphors, if we attempt it with such slippery terms as these, sometimes feels like extracting cube-roots in the head.​(I.A. Richards, The Philosophy of Rhetoric. Oxford University Press, 1936)​[I.A. Richards] understood metaphor as a series of shifts, as borrowings back and forth, between tenor and vehicle. Hence, in 1936, his famous definition of metaphor as a transaction between contexts.Richards justified coining tenor, vehicle, and ground to clarify the terms of that transaction. . . . The two parts had been called by such loaded locutions as the original idea and the borrowed one; what is really being said or thought of and what it is compared to; the idea and the image; and the meaning and the metaphor. Some theorists refused to concede how much idea was imbedded in, drawn from the image. . . . With neutral terms a critic can proceed to study the relations between tenor and vehicle more objectively.(J. P. Russo, I.A. Richards: His Life and Work. Taylor, 1989) Pronunciation: TEN-er

Coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Coursework - Essay Example This paper presents results from a research project aiming at developing an architecture supporting local mobility within hospital. The architecture is based on fieldwork and mostly on the knowledge derived from a large number of reliable sources. The fieldwork has emphasized the differences between remote mobility, where users travel over long distances, and local mobility, where users walk around within a fixed set of building. Based on an in depth study, I conclude that local mobility puts up three requirements for computer support;(i) it should integrate into the existing infrastructure (ii) it should support the use of various heterogeneous devices, and (iii) it should enable seamless application roaming between these devices. The paper describes how these requirements were realized in an architecture for local mobility, and how the architecture can be implemented in the health care domain and the costs involved in it and the various benefits gained from it.